Olacaceae R. Br., emend.

Family Description

Distribution Map

List of Genera in Olacaceae

Photographs

Dulacia (this genus might be included in Olax)

1. Dulacia candida
   
   • Photo1. Photo2. Mato Grosso, Brazil.  Link goes to Neotropical Plants image database at Kew.
   • A series of photos from the Neotropical Live Plant Photos from the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago.
   • Fruiting shoot. Peru. A. Gentry (26200). Link goes to TROPICOS.
   • Herbarium specimen, Missouri Botanical Gardens (MO). Photo by D. L. Nickrent.
2. Dulacia macrophylla
   
   • Herbarium specimen. Link goes to New York Botanical Garden type collection.
     
3. Dulacia sp.
   
   • Photos.  Fruiting specimen.  Dist. Nauta, Loreto, Peru. Photos by C. Davidson. Link goes to Flora of the World.
   
   

Olax

1. Olax acuminata
   
   • Photo. Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary, NE India. Photo from Majumdar & Datta (2014, Checklist 10(5):976-996).
2. Olax angulata
   
   • Photos and distribution map. Link goes to Atlas of Living Australia.
     
3. Olax angustifolia
   
   • Photos. Gabon. Link goes to TROPICOS.
4. Olax antsiranensis
   
   • Series of photos showing habit and fruiting shoots.  Antsiranana, Madagascar.  Photos by Z. S. Rogers (Rogers 1150). Link goes to TROPICOS.
   • Photos. Madagascar. Link goes to Flora of the World.
5. Olax aphylla
   
   • Habit of this leafless species. Queensland, Australia. [DLN 2810] Photo by D. L. Nickrent.
   • Habitat of Olax aphylla, Queensland, Australia. [DLN 2810]. Photo by D. L. Nickrent.
6. Olax aurantia
   
   • Photos and description. Link goes to FloraBase the Western Australian Flora.
7. Olax austrosinensis
   • Photo of plant in fruit. China. Photo by Liu Yan.  Link goes to PlantPhotoBank.cn.
8. Olax benthamiana
   
   • Photos and description. Link goes to FloraBase the Western Australian Flora.
   • Photos. Link goes to Esperance Wildflowers.
     
9. Olax capuronii
   
   • Series of photos showing habit and fruiting shoots.  Antsiranana, Madagascar.  Photos by Z. S. Rogers (Rogers 1095). Link goes to TROPICOS.
   • Photos. Madagascar. Link goes to Flora of the World.
10. Olax dissitiflora
    
    • Photos.  Link goes to TROPICOS.
    • Flowers and fruits and another with flowers.  Mayotte, Mascareignes. Photos by F. Barthelat (nos. 267 & 1140). From JSTOR Plant Science.
    • Photos. Madagascar. Link goes to Flora of the World.
    • Photos and distribution map. Link goes to Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques Ville de Geneve.
    • Photo. Plant in flower and fruit, description, map. Link goes to Swaziland's Flora Database.
    • Photo. Link goes to Flora of Mozambique.
    • Photo of illustration (as O. androensis) by M. Keraudren Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (1936-2012).
      
11. Olax emirnensis
    • Fruiting shoot and close-up of flower. Madagascar. Photo by George Schatz (No. 3620). Link goes to TROPICOS.
    • Photos. Madagascar. Link goes to Flora of the World.
    • Photo of drawing by M. Keraudren Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (1936-2012).
      
12. Olax gambecola
    
    • Photos. Estuaire Province, Gabon. Photos 13 Apr 2006 by C. Davidson. Link goes to Flora of the World.
    • Photos. Gabon and Guinea. Link goes to TROPICOS.
    • Photos. Link goes to West African Plants.
    • Photo of Illustration (as O. poggei) in Engler & Drude,Vegetation der Erde (1896-1928).
      
13. Olax hypoleuca
    
    • Photos of variety hypoleuca. A series of photos and descriptions (in French). For a Google translation of the page to English, go HERE.  Link goes to Endemia.nc.
    • A description and map of variety microphylla (in French). For a Google translation of the page to English, go HERE.  Link goes to Endemia.nc.
14. Olax imbricata
    
    • A series of photos of this species. Link goes to PhytoImages.
    • Photos.  Link goes to Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants.
    • Photo. Fruiting shoot.  India.  Photo by Pankaj Oudhia. Link goes to Flowers of India.
    • Photos and description. Link goes to efloraofindia.
    • Photos. Branches with flowers and fruits. Link goes to Flickr.
      
15.  Olax lanceolata
    
    • Photo of an illustration from Rogers et al. (2006, Adansonia 28:71-100).
16. Olax latifolia
    
    • Photo of plant in fruit. Link goes to Vascular Plants of Korup National Park in Cameroon.
      
17. Olax madagascariensis
    
    • Photos showing flowers and fruits.  Madagascar.  Photos by Porter P. Lowry II. Link goes to TROPICOS.
    • Photos as O. humbertii. Link goes to Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques Ville de Geneve.
18. Olax mannii
    
    • Photos. From Gabon and Liberia. Link goes to TROPICOS.
19. Olax mayottensis
    
    • Photos. Comoros Islands. Link goes to TROPICOS.
20. Olax nana
    
    • Photos and description. Link goes to efloraofindia.
    • Photo of an illustration by S. Hameed (Pakistan). Link goes to TROPICOS.
21. Olax obcordata
    
    • Photos. Link goes to Flickr and South Australian Seed Conservation Centre.
      
22. Olax obtusifolia
    
    • Photos of plant in flower. Link goes to African Plants: A Photo Guide.
    • Photos. Link goes to Copper Flora.
    • Photo. Link goes to Flora of Mozambique.
      
23. Olax pendula
    
    • Photos. Link goes to Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants.
24. Olax pentandra
    
    • Photo of an herbarium specimen (Schlieben 5305) from Tanzania. Link goes to TROPICOS.
25. Olax phyllanthi
    • Habit. Link goes to Australian National Botanic Garden Photo Collection.
    • Habit, stem, leaves, flower. Link goes to Australian National Botanic Garden Photo Collection.
    • Photos and description. Link goes to FloraBase the Western Australian Flora.
26. Olax psittacorum
    
    • Photos. Along Kumta-Sirsi Road, Karnataka, India. Photos by Dinesh Valke. Link goes to Flowers of India.
    • Photo and other data. Link goes to PROTA.
      
27. Olax retusa
    
    • Photos. From the Wallum heathland in SE Queensland. Link goes to Queensland Plants.
      
28. Olax scalariformis
    
    • Photo of an herbarium specimen, distribution map and other clearly displayed metadata. Link goes to Atlas of Living Australia.
    • Description and distribution map. Link goes to FloraBase the Western Australian Flora.
29. Olax scandens
    • Habit of plant, flowers, fruiting shoot, immature fruit, and ripe fruits in hand. From a web site called EARTH (no longer active) by Joseph Lai from around Singapore.
    • Flowering branch and close-up of flowers. Thailand Junior Encyclopedia Project, Kanchanapisek Network.
    • Fruiting branch. Thailand.
    • Close-up of fruits. Flora of Suranaree University of Technology (SUT), Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
    • Habit of plant, flowering shoots and fruits. Thailand, Petchaburi province, Ban Nong Chumpon, Khao Yoi (Williams 1230). Photos by Kyle Williams.
    • Photos and description. Link goes to efloraofindia.
30. Olax spartea
    
    • Photos and distribution map. Link goes to FloraBase the Western Australian Flora.
31. Olax staudtii
    
    • Photos from Gabon. Link goes to TROPICOS.
32. Olax stricta
    • Photos. Link goes to Australian National Botanic Garden Photo Collection.
33. Olax subscorpioidea
    
    • Photos. Akwiapim, Eastern Region, Ghana. Photos 11 Dec. 2003 by C. Davidson. Link goes to Flora of the World.
    • Photos. Link goes to TROPICOS.
    • Photos. Link goes to West African Plants.
      
34. Olax thouarsii
    
    • Photos of living plants and herbarium specimens from Madagascar. Link goes to TROPICOS.
    • Photo of drawing (as O. glabriflora) by M. Keraudren Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (1936-2012).
35. Olax triplinervia
    
    • Photos of plants from Gabon. Link goes to TROPICOS.
    • Photo of plant in fruit. Link goes to Vascular Plants of Korup National Park in Cameroon.
36. Olax wightiana
    
    • Photos. Link goes to Digital Flora of Karnataka, Indian Institute of Science.
      
37. Olax zeylanica
    
    • Photos. Link goes to Plants of the World Online.
      
38. Olax sp.
    
    • Photos. Cameroon. Link goes to Flora of the World.
    • Plant with flowers. Mt. Cameroon. Photo by Martin Cheek (Kew) [MC no. 3523]. July 1992.
39. Olax sp.
    • Photos and metadata for taxa unidentified to species from Gabon and Cameroon. Link goes to TROPICOS.
40. Olax sp.
    
    • Inflorescence. Barangay Santa Cruz, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan Island, Philippines. Photo by Leonard Co.

Ptychopetalum

1. Ptychopetalum olacoides (or P. uncinatum)
   
   • Flowering shoot. Plant extracts used in various herbal remedies - called muira puama - as an aphrodisiac and as a tonic for the nervous, gastrointestinal, and rheumatic problems. May contain psychoactive compounds.
   • Line drawing (also shows Chaunochiton loranthoides). Link goes to TROPICOS.
2. Ptychopetalum petiolatum
   
   • Photos Plant in fruit. Gabon. Link goes to Flora of the World.
   • Herbarium specimen. Cameroon. Link goes to New York Botanical Garden type collection images.
3. Ptychopetalum sp.
   
   • Photos Plant in flower. Cameroon. Link goes to Flora of the World.

Phylogeny

Molecular phylogenies involving Olacaceae sensu lato have been published in the following:

• Malécot, V. and Nickrent, D. L. 2008. Molecular phylogenetic relationships of Olacaceae and related Santalales. Systematic Botany 33: 97-106. For a PDF file of this article, click HERE.
• Su H.-J., J.-M. Hu, F. E. Anderson and D. L. Nickrent. 2015.  Phylogenetic relationships of Santalales with insights into the origins of holoparasitic Balanophoraceae. Taxon 64(3): 491-506. For a PDF file of this article click HERE.
• Nickrent, D. L., F. Anderson, & J. Kuijt. 2019. Inflorescence evolution in Santalales: Integrating morphological characters and molecular phylogenetics. American Journal of Botany 106(3):402-414. For a pdf file of this article click HERE.

References